Saw, particularly for metals



Oct. 10, 1944. @E ERBACH 2,360,070

SAW PARTICULARLY FOR METALS Filed Sept. 17, 194s 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 soCQ9. I v za/ I I4 a ,3

:1 l 24 I 5 1% 33 g 2 i6 INVENTOR. MAX MEYERBAQH w wn v ATT 0 RNEJ.

10, 1944@ M. 'MEYERBACH SAW. PARTICULARLY FOR METALS Filed Sept. 17,1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. M x mssERBAcH ATTORNEY.

0a. 10, 1944. v MEYERBACH 2,360,070

SAW PARTICULARLY FOR METALS C9 Filed Sept. 1'1, 194: 4 Sheets-Sheet 3INVENTOR. MAX/4 E-iEKBAfiH BY AH RNEV- Oct. 10, 1944. MEYERBACH2,360,070

SAW PARTICULARLY FOR METALS Filed Sept. 17, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4INVENTOR. MAM EYER BACH ATroBNEQ.

Patented Oct. 10, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I 2,300,070 saw,PARTICULARLY ron METALS Max Meyerbach, New York, N. Y., assignor to LomaMachine Mfg. (30. Inc., New York, N. Y.

. Application September 17, 1943, Serial No. 502,766

12 Claims.

The invention relates to a saw for cutting metals and particularly metalstock of a longitudinal shape, such as billets, rods and structuralprofiles. v

In machines of this type sometimes rotary cutters are provided, and ithas been found advisable to mount these rotary cutters or saw blades onthe one end of the tiltable arm; the up and down stroke of the arm isfrequently effected by a hydraulic feed cylinder.

The vise for clamping the articles is actuated by the hydraulic pressuresystem used for the movement of the tiltable arm; controlling. means areprovided to assure proper cooperation of the cutter and the vise.

It is the object of this invention to generally improve the operationof. this type cutters and particularly to provide means by which the sawblade may be advanced towards and through the stock with the greatestadmissible speed. It is an important object of the invention tocompletely avoid vibrations during the operation of the cutter and tohereby secure a neat smooth cut.

It is another object of the invention to effect the return stroke of thetilting arm' with the greatest possible speed.

It is also an object of the invention to safeguard the operation of thesaw against excessive pressure and eliminate the damaging influencethereof.

It is another object of the invention to harmonize the hydraulicpressure imparted to the cutter with the varying cross-sections of .thestock under treatment and to regulate the cutting speed.

It is an important object of the invention to properly control and tolimit the down or work;

and the up or return stroke of the tiltable arm.

It is also an object of the invention .to provide means by which thestock to be severed is tightly the cutting and clamping operation and ofthe transport of the stock through the machine.

With these and other objects in view which will become apparent as thisdescription proceeds, the invention is illustrated by way of example inthe accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a front elevation of the saw embodying this invention,

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof,

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional elevation according to line 3 3 of Fig.2,

Fig. 4 is a part vertical sectional elevation according to line 4-4 ofFig. 2, a

Fig. 5 is an enlarged horizontal sectional elevation according to line5-5 of Fig. 3 showing the elements controlling the operation of themachine,

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section elevation according to line 6-6 of Flg.5,

Fig. 7 shows on an enlarged scale certain members illustrated in Fig. 4,and

Fig. 8 shows a second modification of certain parts illustrated in Fig.5, serving to control the return speed of the swinging arm.

An encasing preferably made of welded steel plates and consisting offront wall I, rear wall 2, side walls 3 and 4 houses oil pressure unit 5with flanged motor 6, hydraulic feed cylinder 1 with piston 8 and oilreservoir 9.

A main shaft I0 is joumaled in this housing; the shaft supports tiltableor swinging arm II. the one end I2 of tiltable arm I I carries therotary cutter ors aw blade l3 which is encased and progripped before thedown stroke of the cutter commences.

It is a further object of the invention to prov vide means by which thelast phase of the return stroke of the tilting arm is dampened.

It is another object of the invention to provide means which release thestock only after the out has been completed and the saw has beenmoved 1outof contact with the workpiece.

It is one of the objects of the invention to provide means by which amaximum of operating safety is obtained. 5

The invention also includes certain improvements with regard to theautomatic control of tected by a cover l4 leaving an opening i5 for thebillet It to be introduced into the machine.

The'other end of the tiltable arm II is connected with and commanded bypiston 8 of the hydraulic feed cylinder 1.

A cavity is recessed in swinging arm H which houses weight l8 intendedto create a strong counter-pressure; it may beadjustable and preferablyconsist of a plurality of removable lead plates; it forms an importantfeature of the invention; it eliminates vibrations of the blade; itassists in the control of the vise; it accelerates the return stroke andhelps greatly to obtain a neat smooth out. Other essential advantages ofthis weight will be explained as this specification proceeds.

The motor 86 which rotates saw blade I3 is mounted on that end .oftiltable arm II which is connected with piston 8. The rotation of'themotor is transmitted to the. cutter blade I3 by a belt l9 and aplurality of reduction gears 20, 2|,

in this control disc 4|.

22; gear 22 is located on shaft 23 which carries saw blade I 3.

A vise 24 having jaws 25 and 26 is, provided to clamp billet Hi; thisvise is rigidly attached to the machine housing and operated by the sameoil pressure system which commands. the tfltable arm.

Billet |6 is conducted into the machine by suitable charging anddischarging conveyors 21, 28 provided with conveyor rollers 23.

The chips travel downward with the saw blade and fall into chip drawer30 which can be easily removed and emptied.

An important feature of this invention consists in the provision ofmeans to automatically control the operation of the saw. Thesecontrolling members are shown in detail in Figs 5, 6, '7 and 8.

They are housed in a box 3| which preferably consists of a solid steelblock provided with the necessary recesses. I

Box 3| is secured to front wall I of the machine housing by a suitablefastening means.

The various controlling members are adjusted by knobs which can beoperated from outside.

A series of passages or bores 32, 33, 34, 35 is provided in control box3| which house the valves A, B, C, D and other controlling members.

The operation of the saw is initiated by the rotation of one operatinglever 35 mounted on the outwardly protruding end of shaft 31 ofcontrolling member A; this controlling member A is located in bore 32.The turning of the lever interrupts the circulation of the pressureliquid from pump to compartment 9 forming a reservoir for the operatingliquid; lever shaft 31 carries at its one end a disc 33 provided with aplurality of symmetrically arranged orifices 40.

A second disc is rigidly mounted in the same bore 32 and adjacent todisc 33; a number of orifices 42 equal to those in disc 39 is providedby spring 43 which holds disc 31 in cooperative relation with disc 4|;the orifices 46 and 42 of both discs are so arranged as to be moved inor out of alignment by the turning of the main lever.

Shaft 31 carries rotatable ratchet disc 44, Fig. 6, which is connectedwith and kept under tension of spring 45; ratchet 44 cooperates withtilting lever 82 controlling the work stroke, Figs. 4 and '7, in amanner which will be described in a later part of this specification.

The other end of spring 45 is rigidly connected with front wall I; a nut41 is located in bore 32 which is provided with teeth 48 at itscircumference.

A short shaft 49 extending parallel to shaft 31 is located in front wallI adjacent to shaft 31;

the inner end of this shaft meshes with teeth 48. A knob 50-is providedat the protruding end of shaft 49; the tension of spring 45 which isadjustable by rotation of the knob and corresponding rotation of nut 41regulates the pressure of the oil current duringthedown stroke of thesaw.

through the box; tubes 53, 53, 60, 6| lead the oil from control box 3|to the reservoir 9 to vise 24 and to feed cylinder 1.

Shaft 31 is surrounded C denominates a speed valve located in bore 34;it is constructed as a needle valve; it consists of shaft 63 whichcooperates with seat 64. The valve is adjusted by knob 62; it forms afine adjustment for the quantity of oilflowing from the pump to the feedcylinder and, therefore, influences the speed of the work stroke.

Valve D located in bore 35 consists-of ball 65 cooperating with seat 66and of a strong spring 61 surrounding shaft 66 which carries knob 63.The tension of spring 61 is' so adjusted that it opens the valve when acertain predetermined maximum oil pressure develops in the system. Thevalve also releases the pressure caused by a, decrease of the cuttingspeed when the blade encounters sections of the workpiece having alarger diameter.

Tube 59, Figs. 3' and 5, connects bore 35 with the oil reservoir.

Bore 6| branching off from bore 53 conducta this pull rod is connectedby chain 11 with ear 3| fastened to swinging arm When swinging armapproaches its highest position, tilting lever 46 is pulled away frompin 14; ball 1| which has been blocked by the pin may now be pressed onseat 18 by the return flow of the oil.

ment of the highest position by the rotation of The highest position ofthe tilting arm must be adjustable in conformity with the diameter ofthe saw and of the workpiece to be cut.

The adjustment is efi'ected by adjusting screw 19; this screw as well asscrew 84 are actually located in a lower level than the sectionalelevation'shown in Fig. 5; they are placed in the same elevation forclarity's sake only.

Adjusting screw 19 which is controlled-by knob 86 abuts againstoscillating lever 46; by displacing this screw towards the lever itsswinging point is shifted; therefore, by a displacement of this screwthe pull exerted on chain .16 is timely varied and the highest positionof the swinging, arm equivalent to the termination of the upear 88fastened to swinging arm When the'down stroke approaches its end,tilting lever 82 is pulled upward, ratchet 44 is released and main lever36 is turned byspring 45 into the inoperative position; the twooperating positions of lever 42 are shownin Fig. '1 in full and indotted lines.

The adjustment of the lowest position of the tilting arms is effectedsimilarly to the adjustscrew 84 provided with knob 85 and connected withtilting lever 82, Fig. 4.

A screw 10- is provided to regulate the speed of the return stroke ofswinging arm II. By

return stroke is accordingly varied.

Another form of a speed regulating device for.

the return stroke is shown in Fig. 8; it is constructed as a check valvehaving an adjustable I back flow. As long as the pressure in passage 52is higher than in passage 54 check valve member 53 is displaced againstthe pressure of spring 90 until shoulder BI is reached and asubstantially unrestricted flow of the pressure medium is e'ifected.

At thereturn stroke, after opening by-pass valve 40, 42, the pressuredrops in passage 52 and check valve member 55 isnow Dressed by spring 90against shoulder 92; thereby the flow of the pressure medium isrestricted in dependence of the setting of screw 15. f b

The operation of the saw and of its essential parts described and shownin the drawings is performed as follows:

Main operating lever 35 is turned during the inoperative or rest periodin a position where orifices 40 of disc 39 and orifices 52 of controldisc 4| are in alinement and, therefore, form a free oil passage. Theoil supplied by pump through tube 5| into control box 3| passes in acontinuous circulation through bore 52, orifices 4B, 42, and dischargetube 58 into oil reservoir 9, Figs. 3 and 5.

When main lever 35 is manually turned into the operative position shaft31 and disc 39 are rotated whereby the-free passage of the oil into thereservoir is interrupted. The oil flows now through bores 52, 53, 54,55, 55 into needle valve C, passage 13 being blocked by the pressureexerted on ball H of valve B by the oil current; the

oil also flows into bore 5| branching off from bore 53 and leading tovise 24. I The quantity of oil passing from pump 5 through control box3| into hydraulic cylinder 1 is controlled by the adjustment of knob 62of valve C.

The oil entering the feed cylinder lifts piston is turned in theinoperative position by spring, 45 and ratchet 44 which is disengagedfrom stop lever 52. Ratchet 44 which is rigidly mounted on shaft 31 ofthe main lever holds the latter in the operative position by means oftilting lever. 52; when the sawblade has reached its lowest positionthis lever is oscillated by pull rod 55,

chain 51 fastened to ear 58 and swinging arm ll; ratchet 44, Fig; 6, isthereby released; the main lever as well as control disc 4| are movedinto the non-operative position by spring 45. The oil supplied by thepump flows now through orifices 40,. 42 and tube 55 in the reservoir;weight l8 reverses, the stroke of the swins'ng arm ll 1 returndirection; ball II is thereby removed from and the saw is quickly movedupwards; the pressure thereby created in cylinder I forces the oil toflow from the cylinder through box 3| in a its seat 12 and the majorpart of the 011 now does not pass through the needle valve C but flowsthrough the larger cross area of opening 13 freed by the removal of ballII into the reservoir which helps to accelerate the speed of the returnstroke.

The oil pressure created by the heavy weight I.

during the return stroke of the saw keeps the workpiece clamped untilthe saw has been disengaged from the latter. The speed of the returnstroke is adjusted by pin 15, Figs. 5 and 5';

During the return movement of swinging lever ll ball ll is held in amiddle position by stop pin 14. This pin is blocked in the positionshown in Figs. 3, 5, by tilting lever and by compression spring I5pressing against lever 45.

The disengagement of stop pin 14 which should interrupt the oil flowfrom cylinder I into the reservoir is caused by the oscillation of lever45; this is accomplished by swinging arm ii, pull rod 15, chain 11 andear 85; Fig.3. If the predetermined highest position of the swinging armis reached, the end of tilting lever 45 connected with pull rod I5 israised; stop pin 14 is displaced by ball II and the latter pressed onseat I8; further passage of the oil beyond valve B is now prevented andthe return stroke is terminated.

3 and causes the down or work stroke of the swinging arm.

The oil current passes valve D; if the oil pressure for some reason, forinstance, undue increase of the cutting resistance or sudden pressureincrease at the end of the return stroke, exceeds a predeterminedmaximum, ball of valve D is displaced rom its seat 55; the excesspressure is released t ereby. The oil entering valve D flows throughtube 59 into reservoir 9, Figs. 3 and 5.

The upward movement of piston 8 and the corresponding down stroke of thetilting arm and of the saw blade can be only eflected after thecounter-pressure has been overcome produced by the additional weightiii; the closure of the jaws 25, 25 of vise 24 and the tight clamping ofthe workpiece will, therefore, be accomplished before the work stroke ofthe tilting arm commences; this is an important function of weight IS.

The pressure liquid flows through valve C to cylinder 1; ball ll ofvalve B remains on seat 12, as apparent from Fig. 5; the oil canpass tocylinder 1 only through valve C.

As soon as a predetermined pressure is reached and the counter-pressureexerted by weight l5 When the cut is terminated, the main lever Thisphase of operation signifies the highest position of the saw blade; thesame must be adjustable as it depends on the diameter of the saw bladeused andon the size of the article to be cut; this adjustment isaccomplished by rotation of knob 50, whereby the position of the tiltingpoint of lever 45, and therefore the moment when the pull of chain 11.commences, is varied.

-When upon the termination of the cut the saw blade' has reached itslowermost position, the return movement of the main operating lever 35from the operative to the inoperative position "is automaticallyeffected in a manner which is described previously. The pressure inpassages 53, 5|, and in the vise cylinder 24 now drops completely andthe movable jaw 25 is then lifted by any suitable means, as for instancea spring.

The lowest position of the saw blade is adjusted by the rotation of knob85 and displacement of screw 84 in the same manner as described in theoperation of knob 80 and screw 19.

What I claim is: 1. A saw particularly for metals comprising in ahousing a swinging arm, a saw blade carried by {the one end of the arm,a hydraulic feed cylinder and a piston to effect the work stroke of theswinging arm, an operating liquid and means to supply the same to thecylinder at an elevated pressure,- means to rotate the saw blade, meansto clamp the workpiece, a weight provided at the saw, members to limitthe work and the return stroke of the saw, said members including atilting lever, means connecting the said lever with the swinging arm andoperative thereby to tilt the lever and to terminate'the pressureeffecting the stroke of the swinging arm, and means, to vary the tiltingpoint of the lever.

I 2-. A saw particularly for metals comprising in a housing a swingingarm, a saw blade carried by the one end of the arm, a hydraulic feedcylinder and a piston to efiect the work stroke of l the saw, acompartment for the operating liquid and a pump to supply the liquid tothe cylinder at an elevated pressure, means to rotate the saw blade, 9.weight provided at the other end of the swinging arm to create apermanent counterpressure, a conduit connecting the pump with thehydraulic-cylinder, elements connected with the said conduit andoperative upon the varying working pressures created therein toautomatically control the operation of the saw, a vise connected withthe said conduit to clamp the .workpiecej means to release the clampingpressure only after the return stroke has been completed, the said meansincluding a valve having two seats, the inner valve space forming a partof the said conduit, a ball adapted to be displaced in the said innervalve space onto the one seat by the pressure liquid passing through thesaid conduit during the work stroke, a central movable pin projectinginto the said inner valve space, to hold the ball in a position topermit the return of the pressure liquid through the said conduit duringthe weight operated return stroke and to hereby maintain the visepressure, a tilt-- ing lever to block the pin during the return strokeof the saw, means operated by the swinging arm to tilt the lever and tothereby permit the release of the pin at the termination of the returnstroke to close the second valve seat, to hereby interrupt the returnflow of the pressure liquid and to release the vise pressure.

3. A saw comprising in a housing a swinging arm, a saw blade carried bythe one end of said arm, means to rotate said saw blade, a vise to clampthe work piece; a system for the supply oi pressure fluid, means tosimultaneously apply said pressure fluid to the vise and to said arm tocause the clamping of the workpiece and to eflect the; work stroke ofthe saw blade, means to interrupt the pressure action of the fluid uponsaid swinging arm, a counterpressure weight'associated with said arm tocause the return stroke of the saw and to maintain the clamp pressureuntil the disengagement of the saw blade from the work piece has beencompleted. v

4. A saw comprising in a housing a swinging arm, a saw blade carried bythe one end of said arm, means to rotate said saw blade, a vise to clampthe work piece, a system for the supply of pressure fluid, means tosimultaneously apply said pressure fluid to the vise and to said arm tocause the clamping of the work piece and to efiect the work stroke ofthe saw blade, means to interrupt the pressure action of the fluid uponsaid swinging arm, an adjustable counterpressure weight associated withsaid arm to'cause the return stroke of the saw and to maintain the clamppressure until the disengagement of the saw blade other end of theswinging arm to create a permaarm, a saw blade carried by the one end ofsaid arm, means to rotate said saw blade, a vise to clamp the workpiece, a system for the supply of pressure fluid, means tosimultaneously apply said pressure fluid to the vise and to said arm tocause the clamping of the work piece and to eflect the work stroke ofthe saw blade, means to interrupt the pressure action of the fluid uponsaid swinging arm, a counterpressure weight associated with said arm tocause the return stroke and to maintain the clamp pressure until thedisengagement of the saw blade from the work piece has been completed,and means to regulate the return speed.

6. A saw comprising in a housing a swinging arm, a saw blade carried bythe one end of said arm, means to rotate said saw blade, a vise to clampthe work piece, a system for the supply of pressure fluid, means tosimultaneously apply said pressure fluid to the vise and to said arm tocause the clamping of the work piece and to effect the work stroke ofthe saw blade, means to interrupt the pressure action of saidfluid uponsaid swinging arm, a counterpressure weight associated with said arm tocause the return stroke and to maintain the clamp pressure until thedisengagement of the saw blade from the work piece has been completed,the pressure exerted by said weight being of a magnitude to counteractthe work stroke until a predetermined clamp pressure has been secured.

7. A saw comprising in a housing a swinging arm, a saw blade carried bythe one end of said arm, means to rotate said saw blade, vise to clampthe work piece, a system for the distribupiece has been completed, andan adjustable valve located in said pressure system and responsive upona predetermined maximum pressure to connect said pressure fluid systemwith said tank.

8. A saw comprising in a housing a, swinging arm, a saw blade carried bythe one end of said arm, means to rotate said saw blade, a vise to clampthe work piece, a system for th distribution of an operating fluidincluding a tank, and means to supply said fluid at an elevatedpressure, a manually actuated controlling member to simultaneously applysaid'pressure fluid to said vise and to said arm to cause the clampingof the work piece and to eifect the work stroke of the saw blade, meansto automatically move said controlling member into the inoperativeposition, to interrupt thereby the pressure action of said fluid uponsaid swinging arm and to circulate the pressure fluid directly into saidtank, and a counterpressure weight associated with said arm to cause thereturn stroke and to maintain the clamp pressure during the returnstroke until the disengagement of'the saw blade from the work piece hasbeen completed.

9. A saw comprising in a housing a swinging arm, a saw blade carried bythe one end of said arm, means to rotate said saw blade, 9, vise toclamp the work piece, a system for the supply of pressure fluid, meansto simultaneously apply said pressure fluid to the vis and to the otherend of said arm to cause the clamping of the work piece and to eflectthe work stroke of the saw blade, means to interrupt the pressure actionof the fluid upon said swinging arm, a

counterpressure weight associated with the other end of the arm to causethe return stroke of the saw and tomaintain the clamp pressure until thedisengagement of the saw blade from the work piece has been completed.

a compartment for the operating liquid and a 10. A saw comprising in ahousing a swinging arm, a saw blade carried by the one end of said arm,means to rotate said saw blade, 9, vise to clamp the work piece, asystem for the supply or pressure fluid, means to simultaneously applysaid pressure fluid to the vise and to said arm to cause the clamping ofthe workpiece and to effect the work stroke of the saw blade, means tointerrupt the pressure action of the fluid upon said swinging arm, aforce associated with said arm to cause the return stroke of the saw andto maintain the clamp pressure until the disengagement of the saw bladefrom the work piece has been completed.

11. A saw particularly for metals comprising in a housing a swingingarm, a saw blade carried by said arm, a hydraulic feed cylinder and apiston to eflect the work stroke of the swinging arm, an operatingliquid and means to supply the same to the cylinder at an elevatedpressure, means to rotate the saw blade, means to. clamp the work piece,a weight associated with said swinging arm to create a permanentcounterpressure, a plurality of elements operathe saw, members to limitthe work and the return stroke of the saw, said members including atilting lever, means connecting the said lever pumpto supply the liquidto the cylinder at an elevated pressure, means to rotate the saw blade,9. weight associated with said swinging arm to create a permanentcounterpressure, a conduit connecting the pump with the hydrauliccylinder, elements connected with the said conduit and operative uponthe varying working pressures created therein to automatically controlthe operation of the saw, a vise connected with the said conduit toclamp the work piece, means to release the clamping pressure only afterthe return stroke. has been completed, the said means including. a valvehaving two seats, the

inner valve space forming a part of the said conduit, a ball adapted tobe displaced in the said inner valve space onto the one seat by thepressure liquid passing through the said conduit during the work stroke,a central movable pin projecting into the said inner valve space, tohold the ball in a position to permit the return of the pressure liquidthrough the said conduit during the weight operated return stroke and tohereby maintain the vise pressure, a tilting lever to block the pmduring the return stroke of the saw, means operated by the swinging armto tilt the lever and to thereby permit the release of the pin at thetermination of the return stroke to close the second valve seat, tohereby interrupt the return flow of the pressure liquid and to releasethe vise pressure.

MAX MEYERBACH.

